We attribute this to an interdecadal suppression of westerly winds in the Amundsen Sea, which reduced warm water inflow to the Amundsen Sea Embayment. Between 20, rates of glacier retreat and acceleration were extensive along the Bellingshausen Sea coastline, but slowed along the Amundsen Sea. Here, we derive a comprehensive, 12-year record of glacier retreat around West Antarctica’s Pacific-facing margin and compare this dataset to contemporaneous estimates of ice flow, mass loss, the state of the Southern Ocean and the atmosphere. Although these ice losses manifest an ongoing Marine Ice Sheet Instability, projections of their future rate are confounded by limited observations along West Antarctica’s coastal perimeter with respect to how the pace of retreat can be modulated by variations in climate forcing. West Antarctica has experienced dramatic ice losses contributing to global sea-level rise in recent decades, particularly from Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers. The MATLAB codes developed for this study are available on the GitHub page of Frazer Christie at. Supplementary Data 1 contains a list of all satellite products used in the production of our grounding-line datasets, and Supplementary Data 2 contains the calculated grounding-line migration rate values used to produce Fig. The processed grounding-line and velocity data generated in this study have been deposited in the Cambridge Apollo database under accession code 10.17863/CAM.90820 (ref. ![]() GUID: CFF4B266-3920-4B2C-A986-B5BA03315448 Data Availability StatementĪll satellite and climate reanalysis datasets utilised in this study are publicly available and can be obtained from the following sources: (Landsat imagery) (ITS_LIVE velocity grids) (NASA MEaSUREs velocity grids and grounding lines) (Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling mass balance outputs) (IMBIE mass balance outputs) (Copernicus/ECMWF ERA5 outputs) (ECMWF ERA-Interim outputs) (Japan Meteorological Agency JRA-55 outputs) (NASA Merra2 outputs) (SAM Index data) (ERSST.v5 ONI Index data) and (CMEMS GREP outputs).
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